The impact was reported to be felt in Lhasa to Mumbai, and from Assam to Punjab. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89(B7), 62036227. Officers of the Geological Survey of India officers compiled a memoir on the earthquake (Dunn et al. The great Earthquake in Nepal (First Published as Nepal Ko Maha Bhukampa in Nepali in 1934; Translated to English from the 2nd Nepali Edition (1935) by Kesar Lall). Sometime between fifty-five and forty million years ago, the Indian Plate collided with Eurasia near what is now the Indus River Valley. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Half of all electric lines would be knocked out. Mem. At that time there are no proper medical facilities or any equipment to save the lifes of those people. ), Earthquake prediction-an international review, maurice ewing series, American Geophysical Union (Vol. http://goo.gl/TLJKhQ http://bit.ly/2bgLGS7 penambangan yang terdapat dalam keadaan murni atau bercampur dengan unsur-unsur seperti karbon, sulfur, fosfor, silikon, serta kotoran seperti tanah liat, pasir, dan tanah. Pandey M R and Molnar P 1988 The distribution of intensity of the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of 15 January 1934 and bounds on the extent of the rupture zone; J. Geol. The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. Read Steve's blog. SOON after the occurrence of this great earthquake on January 15, Dr. J. (Before Earthquake) &&&&&&&& &&& &&(During Earthquake), Fig-1 (Images of the then Dharahara, a nine-storeyed tower at Sundhara, Kathmandu; Before, During and After 1934 Earthquake. India Memoir. The great Indian Earthquake of January 15, 1934. The failures at Seward, Alaska, during the 1964 earthquake are an example. The 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake had a magnitude of 8.1 and caused 12,000 deaths in Nepal and India combined. News from the most affected region arrived only two or three days later. When we look back in to history and find these types of deadly incidents will really make me feel bad. 1935 A report on the Bihar Earthquake and on the measures taken in consequence thereof up to the 31st December 1934. , Relief Commissioner, Bihar and Orissa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 494, 216225. Inst., 13, 417-432; 1935), who spent seven weeks during the following summer in the central district. Nandy D R, Choudhury A K, Chakraborty C and Narula P L 1993 Geological Survey of India, Bihar-Nepal earthquake, August 20, 1988; Spec. Google Scholar. In the brief period thousands of buildings were reduced to debris, the surface of the land changed, fissures appeared, wells were sanded up, buildings that were survived developed huge cracks, water gushed details from wells, thousand and thousands of square miles of land were filled by enormous jagged fissures and pitted with small volcanic craters from which sand or grey mud spread over the field. The damage to the sugar mills rendered most of them unworkable at a time when Bihar had a bumper sugarcane crop and the crushing had started was a problem. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003309. Nepal Earth Planetary Sciences Letters, 457, 366375. Princeton University Press. Disasters (5.2 MB PDF) Downloads. On Monday the 15th January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted for over three minutes. listrik dan panas, serta mempunyai titik cair tinggi. Journal of Nepal Geological Society, 5, 2244. This earthquake could have much the same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order crashing down. Wesnousky, S. G., Kumahara, Y., Chamlagain, D. K., Pierce, I. K., Reddy, T., Angster, S., & Giri, B. ", "Source dynamics of two great earthquakes of the Indian subcontinent: The Bihar-Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934, and the Quetta earthquake of May 30, 1935", 1934 Mw 8.1 Bihar/Nepal earthquake 15 January 1934, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1934_NepalIndia_earthquake&oldid=1133023739, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 11 January 2023, at 22:58. It is certain that the loss of life would have been far more severe had not the main shock been preceded by two large foreshocks five hours before the main shock so that people went outdoors in alarm. The epicenter of the earthquake was in Nepal six miles south of Mt. Following the 1934 earthquake, as per the report prepared by Geologists of India, Dunn et al. Everest. The area marked with double arrow between these earthquakes is the Central Seismic Gap. 159(1) 165-206, doi:10.1111/J.1365-246X.2004.02323. The clock in the tower of the Secretariat stopped at 2.16 p.m. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. In Kathmandu around 25% of all houses were destroyed just like several temples in the old town of Bhaktapur If an earthquake of magnitude 1934 is reported at this time, one can estimate 40,000 dead, 90,000 injured and between 6,000,000 and 9,000,000 homeless are expected. Kathmandu: "Historic Earthquakes Bihar, India Nepal", "Challenges of Low-to-Moderate Seismicity in India", "When Tagore accused Gandhi of superstition", "Suggesting religious reasons for quakes isn't new: Mahatma Gandhi did that in 1934", "Freedom Fighter Dr Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi remembered on Republic Day", " : ! 74(3) 213-229. Damage to a man-made structure. The 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake had a magnitude of 8.1 and caused 12,000 deaths in Nepal and India combined. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. Martin, S., & Szeliga, W. (2010). Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 100(2), 562569. Bomford G 1937 Leveling in Bengal and Bihar 93-97. The southern edge reached the frontal thrusts near 86 deg east (Sapkota et al 2011). 70(3) 757-773. 4 259-277. http://bit.ly/2bO3W3i. It is considerably more challenging to put out the fire because of the destruction caused by the earthquake. First-order spirit leveling lines in northern Bihar were remeasured shortly after the earthquake (Burrard 1934; De Graaf-Hunter 1934; Bomford 1937). India Spec. : , . the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in There was no reliable statistics of the loss to the property in money equivalent. Peculiarly enough the damages were more in the part of the town to the north of the Railway station. Dehra Dun,. In Birgunj, several houses were damaged alongwith ground fissuring at many locations with emergence of water. stiffness were widely publicised and led to the general adoption in the construction of private buildings. The Great Earthquake in Nepal (1934 A.D.). At Lakhisarai the water was observed to recede from mid-stream and sand gushed up the exposed bed of the river. In Purnea the cast iron piles of a bridge between the civil lines and the railway station were broken. It shook an area half a million square miles in extent in Nepal and Tibet. The conventional perception of earthquakes has been changing in recent decades; cascading hazards and their effects along with damage to structures and infrastructure, casualties, socioeconomic and environmental losses are nowadays considered under multidisciplinary aspects of earthquake impact. Western part of the Kathmandu suffered relatively less damage. [9][10], Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state. This last event occurred within the circular region itself, as indicated by the small yellow marker. 1934 AD: This is known as Great Nepal Bihar Earthquakes is the strongest earthquake of the 20 th century and this. Am. For this reason the earthquake appears on many maps in the wrong location. 82 2945-2969. 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Location: Epicenter at 26.885, 86.589 19.2 km from Lahn (12.2 miles) Nepal India Border . The clock in the tower of the Secretariat stopped at 2.16 p.m. Uttarkashi Earthquake, 1991. . Avouac J P 2003 Mountain Building, Erosion, and the Seismic Cycle in the Nepal Himalaya; Adv. GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences. But after the extensive study on the damages in Nepal conducted by Nepali Officers too and based on the evidences compiled by Shree M. J Brahma Sumsher, later it was relocated within Nepal. He was unable to gather information from outside the valley since access was not permitted to him. [7] The 1618-meter-long Kosi Rail Bridge on the Metre Gauge Railway line connecting Darbhanga Raj with Forbesganj was washed away and the River Kosi changed it path eastward. Majority of seismic events in the Kumaun-Garhwal Himalayas region is located close to the MCT or north and south of it. Earthquake Track. Seismol. Jorganesh Press. The loss to human lives was considered to be fortunately less as the epicentral tract was away from, the larger towns. Current Science, 69, 101127. Chen W-P and Molnar P 1977 Seismic moments of major earthquakes and the average rate of slip in Central Asia; Geophys. But the study of distribution and the various causes of damage showed that if faults ruptured in northern India, then the locations of such faults are not verified by the distribution of intensity observed. Source dynamics of two great earthquakes of the Indian subcontinent; the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934 and the Quetta earthquake of May 30, 1935. Some river beds had moved away from their direction and Captain L. E. Whitehead, Pilot Superintendent of I. G. Navigation Company stated that the water was 2 feet 6 inches deeper over 5 shoals between Colgong and Goalunda. (2020). The wells were choked with sand, while water levels in tanks became shallower due to sand deposited in the tank beds. The clock of the tower in the Patna Secretariat had stopped. Also, the strong emphasis on the destruction in India left the impression that epicenter of 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake laid not within the Himalaya but south of the range, in the plains of India. PNAS, 117, 1761517621. It is officially estimated that the flood-affected area of Bihar has increased from 2.5 million hectares in 1954 to 7.3 million hectares in 2016. the locking line of Feldl and Bilham (2006). The chowk hat of Monghyr town had a most gruesome spectacle and scarcely a building or wall was left standing. Site Response of the Ganges Basin inferred from re-evaluated Macroseismic Observations from the M8.1 Shillong 1897, M7.8 Kangra 1905 and 1934 Nepal M8.1 earthquakes. With the 7.8-magnitude earthquake hitting Turkey this Monday. (1981). Damage there was generally less widespread, with fewer deaths recorded. The extent of damage in areas not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these facts. Gutenberg B and Richter C F 1954 Seismicity of the Earth and Associated Phenomena; Princeton University Press, Princeton, 310pp. In the screenshot above, we have used the hazard viewer to select a circular region of 300 km radius on the reported epicentral location near Mt. Due to convergence of Indian and Tibetan plates seismicity in Himalaya region has been higher always. In 2016, floods affected over 2.2 million people along the Ganga, including in Bihar's capital Patna, despite 14% less than average rainfall in the state. Rana, B. S. (2013). 1. The number of deaths was Diversity, distribution, and abundance status of small mammalian fauna (Chiroptera: Rodentia: Eulipotyphla) of Manipur, India, Indian states' electricity transition (SET) . Cycle in the Nepal Himalaya ; Adv earthquake appears on many maps in the construction private! Houses were damaged alongwith ground fissuring at many locations with emergence of water order crashing down the Indus River.! 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