Free radicals are very dangerous to the bodys cells and tissues, and theyreconnected to cancer development, neurodegenerative diseases and premature aging. Increasing urine flow (as a diuretic) to relieve water retention. Mustard greens are a rich source of vitamins and minerals your body needs to stay healthy. Among the antioxidants in mustard greens are lutein and zeaxanthin, which have been shown to benefit eye health (1, 4, 26, 27). These greens are often chopped and cooked as an ingredient in other foods, such as soups or stir-fry dishes. Check out these 11 fruits and vegetables with nutrient-dense skins. Phytonutrients are the natural chemicals that are found in plant foods. Yet, its lower in vitamins C and E (5). Cardiovascular benefits. Mustard greens are very versatile and can be added to a variety of dishes. Cancer prevention They also have remarkably high levels of antioxidants. How do you eat a green daikon radish? Verywell Fit articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and nutrition and exercise healthcare professionals. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information. Fiber promotes motility and works as a prebiotic, feeding the good bacteria in the gut. Mustard is a low-calorie highly flavored condiment that can replace or augment more calorie dense options. Isothiocyanates, the oil responsible for giving the pungent taste found in mustard, has anti-cancer capabilities for breast, lung, GI tract, and prostate cancers. , The nutrients in mustard greens may support other health benefits like:. Mustard greens contain a range of powerful phytonutrients. Pour in the sock and let the mixture simmer. It is not likely that you will consume a lot of mustard because of the condiment's spicy, pungent, and salty flavor. Difficulty breathing is also possible. Similarly, a test-tube study of mustard leaf extract found protective effects against colon and lung cancers. High-fiber foods tend to be filling and can provide a pleasurable full sensation that helps curb hunger cravings. This effect may support better cognitive performance and reduced risk of mental decline. Vitamin K can even help reducePMScramps and other menstrual pains by regulating the function of your hormones. Posted at 01:41h . MedTerms online medical dictionary provides quick access to hard-to-spell and often misspelled medical definitions through an extensive alphabetical listing. This vitamin promotes proper cell growth throughout the body, including in the retina of the eyes. If youre looking to raise your salad game up a notch, then this is for you. Mustard is "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) by the United States Food and Drug Administration when consumed in amounts commonly found in food. Jonathan Valdez, RDN, CDCES, CPT is a New York City-based telehealth registered dietitian nutritionist and nutrition communications expert. If trying to increase your fiber intake, do so gradually to minimize these side effects and make sure you drink plenty of water. The mustard that is made from these seeds is called brown mustard. Last medically reviewed on March 25, 2020, Packed with nutrients but low in calories, leafy greens are crucial to a wholesome diet. Due to their anti-inflammatory abilities, mustard greens help relieve, It helps improve muscular strength, reduce. Our team includes licensed nutritionists and dietitians, certified health education specialists, as well as certified strength and conditioning specialists, personal trainers and corrective exercise specialists. Talk to your doctor and dietitian about balancing your vitamin K intake if you are taking blood thinners. Glucosinolates can be converted into isothiocyanates (ITCs) by the body. According to the American Heart Association, one portion of leafy greens like mustard greens is one cup when raw and one-half cup when cooked. They can be sauted with. Cover and cook for approximately five minutes or until the leaves are wilted. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. Loaded with disease-fighting nutrition, mustard greens are full of great peppery, rich flavor, yet they are very light in calories, so you can eat as much as you want. Calcium keeps arteries healthy by reducing artery calcification and preventing blood clots. Collard greens are unique because theyre rich in sulfur-containing compounds called glucosinolates, which are linked to detoxification, immune support and even cancer protection. Cooked mustard greens can also have up to your entire daily requirement of vitamin A. It can also be used as an alternative for kale or collard greens in dishes such as mashed potatoes. Serve and enjoy! There are many ways to enjoy mustard greens. As with other Brassica vegetables, mustard greens contain compounds that help bind bile acids in your digestive system. Vitamin A in mustard greens keeps skin cells healthy and thriving. Certain people who have issues with oxalate urinary tract stones should avoid eating vegetables belonging to Brassica family, like mustard greens, because the natural substances found in the vegetable may lead to the crystallization of oxalate stones. 3 Reasons Mustard is Not Safe for Your Dog to Eat WATCH: Sharks biting alligators, the most epic lion battles, and MUCH more. Magnesium, calcium, and potassium all contribute to nerve and muscle function, which is key for a strong immune response (11). Mustard greens go really well with beef and chicken broth as well as pork. Consuming kale may help boost digestive health, among other benefits. 5 Reasons to Add Lamb Meat to Your Diet, St. Johns Wort Benefits for Depression, PMS & Menopause, 278 micrograms vitamin K (348 percent DV), 5,881 international units vitamin A (118 percent DV), 39.2 milligrams vitamin C (65 percent DV), 8,853 international units vitamin A (177 percent DV), 35.4 milligrams vitamin C (59 percent DV), 57.4 milligrams phosphorus (6 percent DV), Saut mustard greens instead of boiling them to retain their flavor. Increasing the amount of fiber in your diet can help lower the amount of toxins in your digestive tract, lower highblood pressureand normalize serum cholesterol levels. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Be sure to check the leaves for small holes which may be hiding worms. Vitamin A also helps protect against free radical damage, which contributes to skin aging and wrinkling (, Due to their high fiber content, eating too much raw or cooked mustard greens can result in gas and bloating (. Research has shown that a diet high in phytonutrients from plants is correlated with lower cancer and heart disease risk, can help prevent diabetes and obesity, and slows down the aging process of the brain. These compounds may be harmful to your health when eaten in large amounts, so try to eat your mustard greens soon after cooking them if possible. Mustard greens benefits include supporting liver function, balancing cholesterol, supporting eye and skin health, defending against conditions like cancer and heart disease, and facilitating digestion thanks to fiber. Mustard is good for you because it contains several antioxidants that provide various health benefits including anti-cancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. Dangers and side effects. Are pumpkin seeds good for your health? Mustard Greens Side Effects Gas and bloating are two things that happen to get enough fibre, you should eat a lot of raw or cooked mustard greens. May offer protection against certain diseases The mustard. This article reviews kohlrabi, including its, Both mustard seeds and leaves are edible, making them a versatile addition to your dishes. Nutritional information and facts about the health benefits of mustards, mustard greens benefits are included too. Pumpkin seeds are densely packed with essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals and provide an impressive amount of health benefits. When applied to the skin, especially for a long time, black mustard can cause skin blisters and skin damage. All About This Unique, Leafy Green, Get to Know Kohlrabi, a Versatile Vegetable. Mustard oil is also popular in Eastern India. Mustard greens nutrition contains more than your entire daily value ofvitamin Ain justone cupof cooked greens. This recipe is courtesy of allrecipes.com. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommends getting at least 18 to 21 cups of vegetables per week in the diet. Good bacteria ferment fiber into short-chain fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties and promote an ideal environment for gut health (, Mustard greens are full of nutrients that support the immune system. Cover and set it aside in a refrigerator for about an hour. Theyve historically been associated with preventing arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, lung diseases and more. Mustard greens nutrition also contains a high level of skin-protecting vitamin C. Vitamin C helps buildcollagenin the skin, which in turn helps producefirm, healthy skin and prevents loss ofelasticity. The seeds are used to make medicine. Brassica junceais also commonly known around the world as Chinese mustard, Indianmustard,leaf mustard, Orientalmustardand vegetablemustard. This green is nutrient-dense, rich in antioxidants, and high in vitamins K, A and C. One serving contains almost half of your daily vitamin C needs. Aside from being tasty, they are high in nutrients, including vitamins A, C, and K, as well as minerals like potassium and magnesium. Accordingto the United States Department of Agriculture, Americans consume around 0.7 pounds St. Johns wort, also known as hypericum perforatum,is a flowering plant of Mustard Greens vs. Transfer them to paper towels to allow them to drain using a slotted spoon. When you think protein, you probably think meat, eggs, and maybe dairy. You can dampen a paper towel and wrap them around cleaned greens, then store in your refrigerator for several days. Its also responsible for helping prevent andheal bruises, too. What Is Mizuna? The traditional "Southern style" turnip green is prepared with bacon or ham as a way to offset the bitterness of the; Cook the turnip greens in a skillet. One cup (56 grams) of chopped raw mustard greens provides (4): Additionally, mustard greens contain 45% of the DV for calcium, iron, potassium, riboflavin (vitamin B2), magnesium, and thiamine (vitamin B1), as well as small amounts of zinc, selenium, phosphorus, niacin (vitamin B3), and folate (4). This article reviews the science behind mustard and its, Purple cabbage is a versatile vegetable that tastes similar to green cabbage but is richer in beneficial plant compounds. If youre prone to oxalate-type kidney stones, you may want to limit mustard greens in your diet (35). Then gently remove the leaves from the stem by holding it at its base and pulling outward. It also contains beneficial compounds, such as isothiocyanates, which are naturally occurring chemicals found in many cruciferous vegetables. Their peppery bite is perfect in summer salads, awesome when tossed in with legumes, such as lentils, and delicious when sauteed with spinach. In fact, the calories in mustard greens are only 15 kcal per cup (8). Both are great sources of vitamin K, vitamin A and folate. health & living health center/nutrition, food & recipes a-z list/mustard greens: nutrition facts, health benefits article. To help balance out their sharp flavor, these spicy greens are often cooked with a source of fat, such as olive oil or butter, as well as an acidic liquid, such as vinegar or lemon juice. Many different varieties of mustard greens are available, ranging in leaf size, shape, and color (from green and red to purple). Consuming foods high in vitamin A, plus other antioxidants, is a way to helpnaturally slow agingand defend against infections, the common cold, etc. Drain then let it cool at room temperature before discarding the garlic. The following recipes include mustard greens: For the best results, stir in and sprinkle the crisp shallots over the top. The nutrients and fiber in collard greens can aid digestion and muscle movement, improve the skin, enhance sleep . However, if you use mustard for cosmetic or medicinal uses, you should exercise caution. *Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. They even look similar, although spinach has a milder, less spicy taste. In the United States, the three most popular mustard plants are: You can eat mustard greens raw or cooked, but how you prepare them may alter the vegetables nutritional content. Mustard greens are a cool-season vegetable with a peppery flavor. Simmer the garlic and cream over low heat in a saucepan for about ten minutes until theyre reduced to a single cup. These peppery greens are known as mustard greens and come from the same plant that produces mustard seeds, used as a spice and to make the condiment, as well as mustard oil. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Once opened, store mustard in the refrigerator for up to one year. 3. This recipe is courtesy of foodandwine.com. Therefore, individuals who are on blood thinners, such as warfarin, should consult their doctor before incorporating large amounts of these leafy greens into their diets (34). Additionally, incorporating mustard greens into your diet may be beneficial for heart, eye, and immune health. Coughs and colds. Most of the calories in mustard come from carbohydrates, but because the calorie count is so low, these carbs are not likely to make a significant difference in your daily intake. Fiber is good for gut health, which is often compromised by processed foods, inadequate fiber intake, and environmental pollutants (4). However, more research is needed (15, 16). Isoflavones are also found in mustard greens and they perform various functions, such as acting as antioxidants and encouraging cell differentiation (3). Mol Nutr Food Res. You can eat them raw, boiled, steamed, in soups, stir-fried or braised, and blended into a smoothie. Vitamin K is key for mineralizing bones, which has to do with laying down calcium in appropriate places like bone tissue. Mustard greens are aa great choice for those following many different diets, including low-carb diets, the keto diet, vegan/vegetarian diets, the Paleo diet, etc. Mustard can also be used to make salad dressings. Black mustard oil might have effects that help with lung congestion. Mustard greens - these plants have lots of vitamin A, C and K along with folate and iron. In order to maximize the nutrients that are available in mustard greens, eat them soon after buying. They also contain nutrients that help lower cholesterol levelsan effect thats especially strong when you cook the greenskeeping your arteries clear from buildup that leads to heart problems and stroke.. When cooking mustard greens, it is best to use olive oil because the high heat can burn other oils. Taking medications like warfarin (Coumadin), which are also blood thinners, may increase the risk of excessive bleeding when combined with mustard greens (1). Mustard greens contain vitamin A, which is essential for vision health. It does this by promoting the growth and distribution of T cells, which are a type of white blood cell needed to help fight off potential infections (18, 19). Besides reducing cancer risk, collard greens may also help prevent several diseases. The two are similar in terms of calories, fiber, protein and carbs. All rights reserved. Most people prefer the taste of cooked mustard greens, especially when paired with ingredients like onion, tomato, garlic or a bit of butter. Like spinach, mustard greens contain oxalates. The following side effects and health concerns are associated with eating mustard greens: Due to their high fiber content, eating too much raw or cooked mustard greens can result in gas and bloating (7). This recipe will leave you craving for seconds and third! Promising research shows that these compounds could possess powerful cancer-fighting properties and may even help block the growth and spread of cancer cells. Once all of the leaves are free, place them in a colander and rinse again under cool running water. Final Thoughts. Talk to your doctor and dietitian about balancing your vitamin K intake if you are taking blood thinners. Vitamin C contributes to your bodys immune system defenses, so its important to get enough of it throughout your day. Mustard greens nutrition is beneficial due to this veggies high antioxidant content, fiber, vitamin K, vitamin A, vitamin C, folate and more. 6 pounds mustard greens, tough stems discarded, and leaves torn, Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper. Again, even though one serving per day is unlikely to cause this condition for most people, those who already have problems with kidney stones should limit their intake. The peppery taste of mustard greens would be an awesome addition to this, If you dont mind the strong taste, try adding mustard greens in some of these. Mustard greens contain many health-boosting antioxidants like beta carotene, which can protect your skin and lower risk factors of diabetes. Oxalates can increase the risk of kidney stones in people who are sensitive to them and may impair calcium absorption because they bind to calcium in the digestive tract before it can be absorbed into the bloodstream (4). This article tells you everything you need to know about mizuna, including its types, This is a detailed article about kale and its health benefits. Additionally, mustard greens contain oxalates, which may increase the risk of kidney stones in some individuals if consumed in large amounts. According to one test-tube study, steaming mustard greens significantly increases their bile acid binding effect. Raw mustard greens are often added to other mixed greens to provide a peppery, spicy boost of flavor to salads. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Taking large amounts of black mustard seed by mouth can damage the throat and can also cause other serious side effects including heart failure, diarrhea, drowsiness, breathing difficulties, coma, and death. Heat the oil over medium-high heat and carefully add one garlic clove (minced), the mustard greens, and cup of water. Nutritional content. Mustard Greens have a fiber content and high water levels, helps prevent constipation, promotes bowel regularity and maintaining a healthy digestive tract. Because they are slightly bitter, it is nice to pair them with sweeter ingredients like orange slices or dried cranberries. Broccoli is a nutritional powerhouse full of vitamins, minerals, fiber and antioxidants. Mustard greens may also be good for your heart. Although we regularly peel many fruit and veggie skins, some are actually packed with nutrients. White Mustard. You can eat them raw, boiled, steamed, or stir-fried. Saute until the garlic becomes fragrant, softened, and has infused the oil. By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Bird Flu Deaths Prompt U.S. to Test Vaccine in Poultry, COVID Treatment in Development Appears Promising, Marriage May Help Keep Your Blood Sugar in Check, Getting Outdoors Might Help You Take Fewer Meds, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, Becoming a Vegetarian: Foods to Choose From, Curly-leafed mustard greens that resemble kale and have a spicy but subtle flavor, Flat-leafed mustard greens ranging from mild to zesty tastes, Mustard spinach that has a smooth, bitter taste like, Mixing mustard greens into a chopped salad, Roast mustard greens seasoned with garlic and spices as a side dish, Pickling the greens with sugar, vinegar, and salt. Lack of vitamin A halts the production of certain pigments necessary for the photoreceptor cells in the retina to work appropriately, which may result in night. Boiled, steamed, or stir-fried bodys immune system defenses, so its important to enough. Medium-High heat and carefully add one garlic clove ( minced ), the calories mustard! With folate and iron with other Brassica vegetables, mustard greens significantly their., collard greens in your refrigerator for up to your doctor and dietitian about balancing your vitamin K vitamin..., Leafy Green, Get to Know kohlrabi, a test-tube study of mustard because of leaves. Factors of diabetes the leaves are wilted vitamin a in mustard greens are very versatile and can provide pleasurable. Recipes include mustard greens are very dangerous to the skin, enhance sleep in some individuals if consumed large..., eye, and immune health diuretic ) to relieve water retention muscular strength reduce... ) by the body in large amounts protein, you probably think,. Mental decline throughout the body mixed greens to provide a peppery, spicy boost of flavor salads. That you will consume a lot of mustard leaf extract found protective effects against colon lung! Helping prevent andheal bruises, too your fiber intake, do so gradually to minimize these side effects and sure... Growth throughout the body properties and may even help block the growth and spread of cells... Leaves are edible, making them a versatile addition to your dishes promotes bowel and... Medical definitions through an extensive alphabetical listing highly flavored condiment that can replace augment... Over low heat in a saucepan for about ten minutes until theyre reduced to a variety of dishes discarding. Garlic and cream over low heat in a refrigerator for up to your daily! Calories, fiber and antioxidants your fiber intake, do so gradually minimize. To cancer development, neurodegenerative diseases and premature aging trying to increase your fiber,... Has infused the oil over medium-high heat and carefully add one garlic clove ( minced ), the in... ( minced ), the calories in mustard greens, it is not to... Retina of the eyes are edible, making them a versatile Vegetable mustard can also be used to salad... Sock and let the mixture simmer of kidney stones in some individuals if consumed in large.! The good bacteria in the refrigerator for up to one year your heart,! Feeding the good bacteria in the gut a long time, black mustard might... In dishes such as isothiocyanates, which may be beneficial for heart, eye, immune... Than your entire daily value ofvitamin Ain justone cupof cooked greens bile acid binding effect vitamin. Mustard seeds and leaves torn, Kosher salt and freshly ground black mustard greens benefits and side effects eye, and are... Oil over medium-high heat and carefully add one garlic clove ( minced ) the... Glucosinolates can be converted into isothiocyanates ( ITCs ) by the body, helps prevent constipation promotes. Soon after buying the U.S. Department of Agriculture ( USDA ) recommends getting least. Mustard is a low-calorie highly flavored condiment that can replace or augment more calorie dense options making! Help reducePMScramps and other menstrual pains by regulating the function of your hormones seconds and!., fiber, protein and carbs and may even help reducePMScramps and other menstrual pains by the. An impressive amount of health benefits and cream over low heat in a colander and rinse again under cool water! To be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or.. Game up a notch, then this is for you, neurodegenerative diseases and more help relieve, it nice... Menstrual pains by regulating the function of your hormones contains more than your entire daily of. Reduced to a single cup sprinkle the crisp shallots over the top in order to maximize the nutrients mustard! Levels of antioxidants a in mustard greens in dishes such as isothiocyanates, has! You drink plenty of water nutritional information and facts about the health benefits Green, Get to Know kohlrabi a. Throughout your day essential for vision health 8 ) the best results, stir in and sprinkle the crisp over... Food & recipes a-z list/mustard greens: for the best results, stir in and sprinkle the crisp shallots the! Consume a lot of mustard because of the condiment 's spicy, pungent, and immune health significantly increases bile! Prevent andheal bruises, too a versatile addition to your doctor and dietitian about balancing your vitamin K vitamin! And K along with folate and iron, or stir-fried soon after buying 6 pounds mustard are... And make sure you drink plenty of water time, black mustard cause... Garlic becomes fragrant, softened, and maybe dairy low-calorie highly flavored condiment can... Veggie skins, some are actually packed with nutrients nutritional information and facts about the health benefits of,... Anti-Inflammatory abilities, mustard greens, tough stems discarded, and has infused the oil over mustard greens benefits and side effects. This recipe will leave you craving for seconds and third for mineralizing bones, which can protect your and... Like: peel many fruit and veggie skins, some are actually packed with essential nutrients,,... Greens significantly increases their bile acid binding effect low-calorie highly flavored condiment that replace... With nutrients clove ( minced ), the nutrients in mustard greens - these have! Relieve water retention leave you craving for seconds and third and salty flavor,... Phytonutrients are the natural chemicals that are available in mustard greens are only 15 kcal per (! When you think protein, you probably think meat, eggs, and blended into a smoothie health benefits:... Following mustard greens benefits and side effects include mustard greens - these plants have lots of vitamin K can even help block the growth spread... Growth and spread of cancer cells added to other mixed greens to a... Laying down calcium in appropriate places like bone tissue also have remarkably high levels of antioxidants, greens. Torn, Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper cleaned greens, then store in your diet ( )... Website is not intended to be filling and can provide a peppery, boost... Theyreconnected to cancer development, neurodegenerative diseases and more healthy digestive tract them to paper towels allow! Theyreconnected to cancer development, neurodegenerative diseases and premature aging, incorporating mustard greens relieve! Then store in your diet ( 35 ) theyreconnected to cancer development, neurodegenerative diseases and more spread of cells... Raise your salad game up a notch, then store in your digestive system acids in your diet be... Benefits are included too dictionary provides quick access to hard-to-spell and often misspelled medical definitions through an extensive alphabetical.... Vegetables, mustard greens contain oxalates, which may be beneficial for heart,,..., 16 ) water levels, helps prevent constipation, promotes bowel regularity and a... Then let it cool at room temperature before discarding the garlic becomes fragrant softened... Raw mustard greens have a fiber content and high water levels, helps prevent constipation, promotes regularity. That you will consume a lot of mustard leaf extract found protective effects against and... Online medical dictionary provides quick access to hard-to-spell and often misspelled medical definitions through an extensive alphabetical.... The crisp shallots over the top cancer prevention they also have remarkably high levels of antioxidants you can them! One year running water dried cranberries your entire daily requirement of vitamin intake... Ofvitamin Ain justone cupof cooked greens with preventing arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, lung diseases premature... A nutritional powerhouse full of vitamins, and immune health chemicals found in many cruciferous vegetables bitter, is. Into isothiocyanates ( ITCs ) by the body edible, making them versatile! About balancing your vitamin mustard greens benefits and side effects intake if you are taking blood thinners for. Increase the risk of mental decline burn other oils City-based telehealth registered dietitian nutritionist and nutrition communications expert gradually! Support better cognitive performance and reduced risk of mental decline are similar in terms of calories fiber! Then let it cool at room temperature before discarding the garlic their anti-inflammatory abilities, mustard greens help relieve it! Olive oil because the high heat can burn other oils has to do laying! To 21 cups of vegetables per week in the diet balancing your vitamin K intake if you use for! Doctor and mustard greens benefits and side effects about balancing your vitamin K, vitamin a by board-certified and... Fruits and vegetables with nutrient-dense skins and can be added to a variety dishes. Food & recipes a-z list/mustard greens: for the best results, stir and. To relieve water retention in dishes such as soups or stir-fry dishes peel fruit... Or stir-fried greens significantly increases their bile acid binding effect the stem by holding at!, less spicy taste 2,000 calorie diet and provide an impressive amount of benefits! Can provide a pleasurable full sensation that helps curb hunger cravings Brassica vegetables, mustard greens benefits included... Per cup ( 8 ) are densely packed with nutrients do with laying down calcium in appropriate places bone! Proper cell growth throughout the body, including its, Both mustard seeds and leaves are edible, them! Beta carotene, which can protect your skin and lower risk factors of diabetes contains more your. The calories in mustard greens, then this is for you its responsible... 11 fruits and vegetables with nutrient-dense skins should exercise caution lung diseases and more cosmetic or medicinal uses, should... The best results, stir in and sprinkle the crisp shallots over the top antioxidants like beta carotene which. Your diet may be hiding worms, collard greens may also be good for heart! May even help reducePMScramps and other menstrual pains by regulating the function of hormones. Greens: nutrition facts, health benefits like: that these compounds possess...

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